Synthesen biologisch wirksamer Peptide

Abstract

The synthesis of higher peptides can be achieved by stepwise lengthening of the peptide chain by one amino acid at a time or by fragment condensation or by a combination of the two procedures. Four amine protecting groups have found general application e.g. the carbobenzoxy, p-toluenesulfonyl, triphenylmethyl and t-butyloxycarbonyl substituents. Alkyl, benzyl and t-butyl esters, protected hydrazides and the carbonamide group proved to be useful carboxy protecting substituents. The four efficient coupling procedures, the azide, carbodiimide, mixed anhydride, and nitrophenylester syntheses have been discussed considering five criteria: razemisation, side reactions, isolation, yield, and the time required. Five syntheses serving as examples have been outlined in simple schemes. 190 syntheses of biologically active higher peptides have been compiled in five tables.