Nebenprodukte bei der Nitrierung von Aromaten und deren Beseitigung durch Abwasserbehandlung

Abstract

One of the most delicate problems of purifying waste water is undoubtedly the treatment of such waters emanating from nitric operations, particularly in connection with TNT manufacturing.
Thorough and careful investigations focussing on the nature of sewage substances and its concentration preceded hard development work relating to the adsorption process of activated carbon. Of course, analytical methods of control had to be elaborated, too.
Since no doubt existed about the inefficacy of microbiological purification methods, chemical processes were modified and improved to such an extent as to reduce the formation of by-products during nitration as much as possible in order that they appear in the waste water in a high concentration. Thus, the highly concentrated by-products can easily be conveyed to the adsorption process of activated carbon.
Waste waters from nitration operations can completely and continually be decolourized and deprived from sewage substances by means of percolation through granulated activated carbon. One m³ of waste water requiring 1 to 2 kg of activated carbon, this procedure proves to be more economical than that of total evaporation.