Multiphase Chemistry in the Atmosphere

Authors

  • Markus Ammann PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
  • Peter A. Alpert PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; XRnanotec, Parkstrasse 1, B1.O3.01, CH-5234 Villigen, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-9206
  • Luca Artiglia PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-6447
  • Fengxia Bao PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-1620
  • Thorsten Bartels-Rausch PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-2572
  • Juan Felipe Flórez Ospina PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5971-9042
  • Natasha M. Garner PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0710-1432
  • Lucia Iezzi PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
  • Kevin Kilchhofer PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-9755
  • Andrés Laso PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
  • Luca Longetti PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5576-4951
  • Fabian Mahrt PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry of Clouds (C3), Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7059-6765

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2024.754

Keywords:

Anthropocene, Atmosphere, Chemistry, Multiphase

Abstract

Earth’s atmosphere comprises a complex mix of gas and condensed phases, where condensed phases facilitate multiphase chemical reactions that would not occur in the gas phase alone. These reactions drive dynamic physical and chemical processes across various spatial and temporal scales, playing a crucial role in the cycling of atmospheric trace constituents. Multiphase chemistry significantly influences geochemical cycles, human health, and climate. This review focuses on the chemical steps governing the cycling of important species, such as halogens, reactive nitrogen, and organics, within aerosol particles, a key type of atmospheric condensed phases, and at condensed phase–air interfaces. These interfaces include mineral oxides, ice, and aqueous solutions found in particulate matter, clouds, snow, and on oceanic and terrestrial surfaces. This review also discusses the important role of redox chemical cycling, the hydrogen bonding network and water activity in these processes.

Funding data

Author Biographies

  • Peter A. Alpert, PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; XRnanotec, Parkstrasse 1, B1.O3.01, CH-5234 Villigen, Switzerland

    PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Project Scientist

  • Luca Artiglia, PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland

    PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, tenured scientist

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Published

2024-11-27