Eine industrielle Apparatur zur kontinuierlichen Sulfonierung von p-Nitrotoluol

Abstract

The safety hazards inherent in sulfonating aromatic nitrocompounds with fuming sulfuric acid are well known from past industrial experience. They can be avoided by
a) taking up the heat of reaction in a mass of diluent added in sufficient amount to keep the temperature from reaching the point of spontaneous decomposition (adiabatic reaction),
b) carrying out the sulfonation in a continuous way, thus holding at a minimum the amount of material being in reaction.
A plant for the production of p-nitrotoluene sulfonic acid is described which has been constructed according to these principles.